A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a disruption in the normal function of the brain caused by a traumatic injury to the brain. A TBI can occur due to a penetrating head injury or by a blow, strike, or shock to the head. Traumatic brain injuries can range from mild to severe, with the worst cases ending in death. According to the Centers for Disease Control, about 150 people in the United States die from a TBI-related injury every day. Further, 3 million people suffer from a TBI yearly many of whom deal with symptoms that can linger for several months to years. Most cases of TBI are mild and are known as concussions. However, moderate to severe TBIs or repeated head trauma can have a profound effect on a person’s life, including cognitive, psychological, emotional, and social implications that impact daily life functioning. With proper diagnosis and treatment, a person with a TBI can have a positive recovery with restored physical, cognitive, and psychological abilities in time.
- Loss of consciousness
- Headache
- Confusion
- Dizziness
- Blurred vision
- Lightheadedness
- Ringing in the ears
- Fatigue or lethargy
- Bad taste in the mouth
- Change in sleeping patterns
- Problems with memory, concentration, and/or attention
- Behavioral mood changes
- Depression